Why are images upside-down?This shows a tree and how it is processed through your eye and the brain. All the images we see are actually upside-down however, our brain changes it so that we can see it normally. More information on that here:
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History of the camera obscuraIn ancient Greece, Aristotle noticed how light passing through a small hole creates an image on the wall. Stone age may have also used the principle of the camera obscura to produce the world's first art in cave drawings. Later on, in the 10th Century, the Arabian scholar Al Hassan used the camera obscura to demonstrate how light travels in straight lines. In the 13th Century, the camera obscura was used by astronomers to view the sun. In the 16th Century, camera obscuras became an aid to artists who used them to create drawings with perfect perspective and accurate detail. Portable camera obscuras were made for this purpose. In Victorian times, much larger public camera obscuras became popular seaside attractions, where spying on courting couples became a popular pastime.
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